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The creation–evolution controversy (also termed the creation vs. evolution debate or the origins debate) involves a recurring cultural, political, and theological dispute about the origins of the Earth, of humanity, and of other life. The evolution-creation controversy is almost exclusively an invention and problem within American-Protestant religious communities, outside of which such a controversy largely does not exist. The level of support for evolution is extremely high within the scientific community〔〔 Whether ID Is Science, p. 83.〕〔: "Virtually no secular scientists accepted the doctrines of creation science; but that did not deter creation scientists from advancing scientific arguments for their position."〕 and in academia. While the controversy has a long history, today it is mainly over what constitutes good science education,〔 Context, p. 20.〕 with the politics of creationism primarily focusing on the teaching of creation and evolution in public education.〔 Introduction, pp. 7–9, also Whether ID Is Science, pp. 64–89, and Promoting Religion, p. 90.〕 This debate is most prominent in the United States, and to a lesser extent in Europe and elsewhere, and is often portrayed as part of a culture war.〔 *: "One thing that historians delighted in showing is that, contrary to the usually held tale of science and religion being always opposed Christian fundamentalists dispute the evidence of common descent of humans and other animals as demonstrated in modern paleontology, genetics, histology and cladistics and those other sub-disciplines which are based upon the conclusions of modern evolutionary biology, geology, cosmology, and other related fields. They argue for the Abrahamic accounts of creation, framing them as reputable science ("creation science"). The Catholic Church recognizes the existence of evolution. Pope Francis has stated: "God is not a divine being or a magician, but the Creator who brought everything to life...Evolution in nature is not inconsistent with the notion of creation, because evolution requires the creation of beings that evolve."〔http://www.usatoday.com/story/news/world/2014/10/28/pope-francis-evolution-big-bang/18053509/〕〔http://www.theatlantic.com/national/archive/2014/10/pope-francis-evolution/382143/〕 The rules of genetic evolutionary inheritance were first discovered by a Catholic priest, the Augustinian monk Gregor Mendel, who is known today as the founder of modern genetics. A 2014 Gallup survey reports, "More than four in 10 Americans continue to believe that God created humans in their present form 10,000 years ago, a view that has changed little over the past three decades. Half of Americans believe humans evolved, with the majority of these saying God guided the evolutionary process. However, the percentage who say God was not involved is rising." The debate is sometimes portrayed as being between science and religion, but as the United States National Academy of Sciences states: ==History== The creation–evolution controversy began in Europe and North America in the late 18th century, when new interpretations of geology led to various theories of an ancient earth, and extinctions demonstrated in the fossil geological sequence prompted early ideas of evolution, notably Lamarckism. In England these ideas of continuing change were at first seen as a threat to the existing "fixed" social order, and both church and state repressed them. Conditions gradually eased, and in 1844 Robert Chambers's controversial ''Vestiges of the Natural History of Creation'' popularised the idea of transmutation of species. The scientific establishment at first dismissed it scornfully and the Church of England reacted with fury, but many Unitarians, Quakers and Baptists—groups opposed to the privileges of the established church—favoured its ideas of God acting through such laws. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Creation–evolution controversy」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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